Adopted on 21 November 1991, it was approved on 8 December 1991 in a national referendum and promulgated on the same day. The Constitution adopted on 21 August 1965 ruled: Art. The Kingdom of Romania (Romanian: Regatul României) was a constitutional monarchy in Central-Eastern Europe, ruled by a royal family that was a branch of the Hohenzollern dynasty.The kingdom existed from 1881, when Carol I of Romania was proclaimed king, until 1947, when the last king, Michael I of Romania, abdicated and the Parliament proclaimed Romania a republic. Articles were introduced on “Integration into the European Union” and “NATO Accession”, bringing the total to 156 in 8 titles. 2. 208/2015 regarding the election of the Chamber of Deputies and of the Senate. THE CONSTITUTION OF RHODESIA, 1965 ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS PREAMBLE. 2 No. Dana Neacsu is a reference librarian at Columbia Law School, a lawyer and member of the bar of the State of New York, a former Romanian judge (1989-1990) and faculty member of the Romanian University School of Law (1990-1994). During his term in office, the President must not be a member of any political party As for the state organisation, alongside the MAN, which in theory remained the supreme leadership organ, the office of president of the republic appeared for the first time in Romanian history (in 1974, through an amendment), with attributes that gave it, in the framework of the existing system, dictatorial powers. Doing Legal Research in Romania . The monarchy was abolished in 1947. (2)The frontiers of the Country are sanctioned … On 6 and 7 October 2018 a referendum took place regarding the definition of the family as provided by Article 48 of the Constitution (that defines the family as being founded on the free-willed marriage "between spouses"), to prohibit same-sex marriage. 21. After the prime minister is named by the president, Parliament validates the composition and programme of the Government and can dismiss it following a motion of censure. În cadrul acesteia, organul suprem al puterii de stat a Republicii Socialiste România este, în continuare, Marea Adunare Națională, unicul organ legiuitor.Prin legea nr.1 din 1974, care modifica constituția, a fost instituită funcția de președinte al R.S.R. (2) The form of government of the Romanian State is a Republic. Title III Public Authorities. Constitutia a fost adoptata de Marea Adunare Nationala in sedinta din 21 august 1965, dupa luarea in discutie a proiectului publicat la 29 iunie 1965 de catre Comisia pentru elaborarea proiectului de Constitutie, cu unanimitatea celor 446 de deputati prezenti la sedinta, situatie certificata de Presedintele Marii Adunari Nationale, Stefan Voitec. It stands as the basis of the legitimacy of the Romanian government. The issue of constitutional reform was raised repeatedly in the early 2010s, especially after a major political crisis in the second half of 2012. It enshrines the country’s democratic values and establishes Romania as a national and independent state. 1938: The 1938 Constituion inaugurated the … It was approved that same year in a national referendum on 8 December and introduced on the same day. Article 58 … 2. In 1965, concomitant with Ceausescu's rise to first secretary of the Partidul Muncitoresc Român (PMR--Romanian Workers' Party), a new Constitution proclaimed Romania a socialist unitary state. The Constitution of Romania at the Chamber of Deputies' website The coat of arms of the Socialist Republic of Romania represents afforested mountains, over which the sun is arising. A public debate began in 2013 and a Parliamentary Commission for the Revision of the Constitution was established. Article 150 [Old Law] Constitution of the Socialist Republic of Romania. 19. The coat of arms is surrounded by a wreath of wheat ears. 1965: Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej dies and Nicolae Ceausescu comes to power. Appointment of Off1cer AdP!inistering the Government and first Acting Officer Administering the Government. The Constitution was adopted in the Constituent Assembly Session of 21 November 1991 and it has entered into force pursuant to its approval by the national referendum of 8 December 1991.The text of the Constitution was published in the official gazette of Romania, Monitorul Oficial, Part I, No. In Romania, the supremacy of the Constitution and the observance of the Constitution and the laws shall be mandatory. It was then debated at the party's 9th Congress in July and adopted by the MAN, sitting as a Constituent Assembly, on August 21, being published in Monitorul Oficial that day. Constitution; Constitutionalism; Constitutional economics; Other websites. The 1991 Constitution was first amended in 2003. 1965 Constitution of Romania is available in 4 other languages. Not recognizing the principle of separation of powers, the basic act of 1965 failed to incorporate any of Romanian constitutional traditions in terms of legislation and its application depending on the organs and institutions entitled to do so. The Constitution of 1991, as revised in 2003, contains 156 articles, divided into 8 titles: Regulamentul Organic, voted by the respective Assemblies of Moldavia and Wallachia under Imperial Russian occupation in 1831–1832, was the first organic law resembling a constitution ever awarded to the Danubian Principalities. 102. The Constitution adopted on 24 September 1952 ruled: Art. Oaths to be taken by Ministers and junior ministers. Rules are detailed in Articles 514-18 Romanian Code of Civil Procedure, Article 471 Romanian Code of Criminal Procedure. The territory comprising Romania was known as Dacia in antiquity; Jewish tombstones,… …   Encyclopedia of Judaism, Constitution of Cyprus — Ratified August 16, 1960 Location Unknown Signatories Members of the Cypriot government …   Wikipedia, Romania — /roh may nee euh, mayn yeuh/, n. a republic in SE Europe, bordering on the Black Sea. The first constitution of the Romanian United Principalities was adopted 1 July 1866. Parliament is “the supreme representative organ of the Romanian people and the sole lawmaking authority”; it is bicameral (Chamber of Deputies and Senate) and elected for four years. Art. * * * Romania Introduction Romania Background: Soviet occupation following World War II led to the formation of a Communist peoples republic in 1947 and the… …   Universalium, România — Roumanie România (ro) Roumanie (fr) …   Wikipédia en Français, We are using cookies for the best presentation of our site. Calea Victoriei în perioada interbelică. 43 Interim Constitution of Tanzania 1965 Section Title 18. Following the collapse of the Communist regime in 1989, much of the 1965 document was suspended, though portions remained in effect until the present document was adopted in 1991. Unity of the people and equality among citizens Citizenship . 12 Constitution of Romania 1923, Art. Regional commissioners. The 1923 constitution was reinstated pending the adoption of a new constitution (see Romania during World War II). It is the fundamental governing document of Romania that establishes the structure of its government, the rights and obligations of citizens, and its mode of passing laws. Thus, ethnic Romanians who follow the practices of Eastern Orthodoxy participate in elaborate customs and ceremonies during Holy Week and at Easter. Chapter I Parliament. The opposition[6] and NGOs[7] alleged serious irregularities. 11 relations. 1965 Constitution of Romania — The 1965 Constitution of Romania, Communist Romania s third, was drafted by a committee of the Great National Assembly (MAN) and approved by a plenary session of the Central Committee of the Romanian Communist Party on June 28, 1965. It remains the current fundamental law that establishes the structure of the government of Romania, the rights and obligations of the country's citizens, and its mode of passing laws.It stands as the basis of the legitimacy of the Romanian government. Constitution, 1965. km). français; italiano; română; עברית The constitution was amended once by a referendum on 18 October 2003. In March 1948, the first constitution of Communist Romania was adopted; it was heavily modeled on the Soviet constitution. By Dana Neacşu . Return to 1965 Constitution of Romania. It was partly abrogated … Sovereignty Territory . Romania used to be a constitutional monarchy from 1881 until 1947, when King Michael was forced to abdicate. Arms of Communist Romania, 1952-1965. by Jaume Ollé. Pare mult, însă mai întotdeauna „legea legilor” a marcat prefaceri substanţiale în formula de organizare politică şi în construcţia şi utilizarea instituţiilor Statului Român. Romania was a socialist nation in eastern Europe during the Cold War, though it followed a different path to its Soviet bloc neighbours. (1) The national sovereignty shall reside within the Romanian people, that shall exercise it by means of their representative bodies, resulting from free, periodical and fair elections, as well as by referendum. [4] The revised document was adopted by referendum on 18–19 October 2003; turnout was slightly above the 50%+1 threshold needed for it to be valid, with 55.7% of 17,842,103 eligible voters showing up. The constitution provides for fundamental civic rights and freedoms, and creates the office of Romanian Ombudsman to ensure these are respected.[4]. Romania was ruled by two devotees of Joseph Stalin – Gheorghiu-Dej until 1965 and Nicolae Ceausescu until 1989. Repeal of old Constitution and replacement by new Consti­ tution. The 1965 Constitution of Romania, Communist Romania's third, was drafted by a committee of the Great National Assembly (MAN) and approved by a plenary session of the Central Committee of the Romanian Communist Party on June 28, 1965. Romania - Romania - Daily life and social customs: Romanians’ lives are generally guided by the religious traditions to which they adhere. (2) The form of government of the Romanian State is a Republic. Romania România …   Wikipedia, ROMANIA — ROMANIA, country in East Central and South East Europe, in the Carpatho Danubian region, north of the Balkan Peninsula, partly on the littoral of the Black Sea. 5.9.1. 233 dated 21 November 1991. Territory. The 1965 Constitution of Romania was drafted by a committee of the Great National Assembly (MAN) and approved by a plenary session of the Central Committee of the Romanian Communist Party on June 28, 1965. Background. The main focus of the Communist Party seemed to be the improvement of people's personal comfort, and large funds were allocated to building flats so that everyone could own a private residence. Votul este universal, egal, direct si secret. The Constitution of Romania was adopted on 21 November 1991. ", "Ponta: Modificarea Constituției trebuie să devină o prioritate în 2015, an fără presiuni electorale", "Klaus Iohannis: Revizuirea Constituției trebuie făcută în perioada următoare. Download The Constitution of the Socialist Republic of Romania – 1965 (.pdf) (ro.) It was then debated at the party's 9th Congress in July and adopted by the MAN, sitting as a Constituent Assembly, on August 21, being published in Monitorul Oficial that day. This Constitution shall be cited as the Constitution of Rhodesia, 1965. This document was, in turn, cancelled in 1940 by the National Legionary State government under Ion Antonescu and the Iron Guard. Constituţia din 1965. It was repealed by King Carol II in 1938 and replaced with a corporatist/authoritarian document with the king's National Renaissance Front as the sole legal party. Romania's progress along the path of "socialist construction" was acknowledged in 1965 when the country's name was changed from the Romanian People's Republic to the Socialist Republic of Romania. It also defines the rights and jobs that the citizens have to abide by and how they pass laws into action. 1948: The first soviet-type constitution was adopted. Constitution of the Socialist Republic of Romania. The coat of arms of the People's Republic of Romania represents afforested mountains, over which the sun is arising. Also, it was analyzed the Constitution of Socialist Republic of Romania from 1965 (the document that formed the legal basis for the dictatorship of Nicolae Ceausescu) and finally I focused on the end of the relative democratization period and the consolidation of Ceausescu’s personality cult. - Republica Socialista Romania asigura tinerilor conditiile necesare dezvoltarii aptitudinilor lor fizice si intelectuale. 1965 Constitution of Romania. 126(3) (“The High Court of Cassation and Justice shall provide a unitary interpretation and application of the law by the other courts of law, according to its competence.”). The document provided for a series of freedoms that remained purely theoretical, including speech, press, assemblies, meetings and demonstrations, with the proviso that these “cannot be used for purposes against the socialist structure and the interests of those who work”. Public authorities. The 1965 Constitution of Romania was drafted by a committee of the Great National Assembly (MAN) and approved by a plenary session of the Central Committee of the Romanian Communist Party on June 28, 1965. 14 The 1952 Constitution made no reference to the constitutional review, whereas Article 53 of the 1965 Constitution delegated the constitutional control to the legislator, namely the Constitutional and Legal Committee of the Popular Assembly. 4. It was then debated at the party's 9th Congress in July and adopted by the MAN, sitting as a Constituent Assembly, on August 21, being published in Monitorul Oficial that day. Download The Constitution of the Socialist Republic of Romania – 1969 (.pdf) (ro.) In the communist period the Constitution had beed modified in 1948, 1952 and in 1965. • Duty to obey the constitution Article 2: Sovereignty 1. The Constitution of Romania of 1991 was adopted on November 21 and ratified by voters on December 8 that year. (1)The territory of Romania is inalienable. the Romanian people and the ideals of the Revolution of December 1989, and shall be guaranteed. SECTION 1 - Organization and functioning. Romanian State . The third soviet-type constitution was adopted. * Stoica, Stan (coordinator). 93-4. The 1965 Constitution of Romania, Communist Romania's third, was drafted by a committee of the Great National Assembly (MAN) and approved by a plenary session of the Central Committee of the Romanian Communist Party on June 28, 1965. 2. [8], Băsescu's successor, Klaus Iohannis, expressed support for a second revision of the Constitution, as did Prime Minister Victor Ponta, who stated that such a revision should be a political priority in 2015, as there are no elections scheduled in Romania that year. ARTICLE 61 - … [1] The 1991 Constitution contains 7 titles and 152 articles. The President of Romania is the head of state of Romania.The President is directly elected by a two-round system for a five-year term (since 2004, after the Constitution was modified in 2003). Bucharest: Editura Merona, 2007. The new constitution of Communist Romania was adopted in 1948 following the Soviet model, [1] with subsequent variants appearing in 1952 and 1965 (the former "building the socialism", the latter announcing the "socialism has won" [1] and notably making the change from a People's Republic to a Socialist Republic). The 1991 Constitution was composed by a committee of parliamentarians and constitutional law specialists; was approved by Parliament, meeting as a Constituent Assembly, by a vote of 414 to 95 on 21 November 1991, being published in Monitorul Oficial the same day; and was approved by referendum on 8 December 1991, with 77.3% voting in favour. * * * Romania Introduction Romania Background: Soviet… …   Universalium, România — /rddaw mu nyah/; Eng. El a afirmat deschis independenţa ţării faţă de U.R.S.S. 1952: The second soviet-type constitution was adopted. CHAPTER I - Parliament. • Duty to obey the constitution Article 2: Sovereignty 1. Romania - Romania - New constitution: The approval by referendum of a new constitution on December 8, 1991, setting up a democratic republic, had given promise of political stability. The 1991 constitution was later revised in 2003 to introduce … The current constitution replaced the Constitution of 1948, which was revised in 1952 and in 1965. Section 1 Organization and Functioning. 1938: The 1938 Constituion inaugurated the … Contextul şi cauzele elaborării constituţiei din 1965: În 1965 a murit Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej şi noul şef al Partidului Comunist a fost ales Nicolae Ceauşescu. It came into force ten days later. English. It was retained after Romania became a kingdom in 1878. [3] Two other constitutions appeared during the Communist era, in 1952 and 1965 (the former "building socialism", the latter announcing the "socialism has won"[3] and notably making the change from a people's republic to a socialist republic). 11 (2): 227 –254. CHAPTER II OFFICER ADMINISTERING THE GOVERNMENT 3. The fundamental law that formed the basis for the dictatorship of Nicolae Ceauşescu (who had come to power that March), this constitution brought changes to the organisation and name of the state, and to the expression of its foreign policy. Electoral Law. Download The Constitution of the Romanian People’s Republic – 1952 (.pdf) (ro) Download The Constitution of the Romanian People’s Republic – 1948 (.pdf) (ro.) ARTICLE 1 (1) Romania is a sovereign, independent, unitary and indivisible National State. Romania is defined as a “national, sovereign, independent, unitary and indivisible state”. HISTORY On 1st of July 1866 the first Romanian Constitution was adopted. This is the official translation. /roh may nee euh, mayn yeuh/, n. Romanian name of ROMANIA. - Cetatenii Republicii Socialiste Romania au dreptul de a alege si de a fi alesi in Marea Adunare Nationala si in consiliile populare. After the extension of national territory in 1918, a new constitution was approved 29 March 1923. [5] These specified that both could take place by parliamentary vote alone, and that EU citizens living in Romania can vote and run in local elections. Secretary to the Cabinet.. 20. Under its leadership, the working people have the expressed goal of building a socialist system to create "the conditions for transition to communism." Sunt și texte care au permis interpretări forțate", "Vicepreședintele comisiei pentru revizuirea Constituției Valeria Schelean(PNL) cere convocarea rapidă a lucrărilor comisiei", The Constitution of Romania, official untranslated version, The Constitution of Romania, official English translation, The Constitution of Romania, official French translation, The Constitution of Romania, 1991 version, The Constitution of Romania, 1991 version in English, The Constitution of Romania, 1991 version in French, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Constitution_of_Romania&oldid=978795614, Articles with Romanian-language sources (ro), Articles with dead external links from August 2017, Articles with permanently dead external links, Articles needing additional references from December 2016, All articles needing additional references, Articles with French-language sources (fr), Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Title II - Fundamental rights, liberties, and duties, Title IV - The economy and public finance, Title VIII - Final and transitional provisions, This page was last edited on 17 September 2020, at 00:17. 116. The Constitutional Court is the guarantor of the supremacy of the Constitution. For other uses, see Romania (disambiguation). Antonescu broke his alliance with the Guard in 1941, and ruled by decree until his overthrow in 1944. It was then… 3. Download The Constitution of the Romanian People’s Republic – 1952 (.pdf) (ro) Download The Constitution of the Romanian People’s Republic – 1948 (.pdf) (ro.) Stevan K. Pavlowitch, Istoria Balcanilor, Polirom, Iași, 2002 (translation of the English-language edition A History of The Balkans 1804–1945, Addison Wesley Longman Ltd., 1999), p. 56. In March 1948, the first constitution of Communist Romania was adopted; it was heavily modeled on the Soviet constitution. On the left side is an oil derrick. În cadrul acesteia, organul suprem al puterii de stat a Republicii Socialiste România este, în continuare, Marea Adunare Națională, unicul organ legiuitor. Regim constituţional în România 1866 – 1965 . It was partly abrogated in December 1989, following the Revolution; some clauses continued in operation until December 8, 1991, when a new constitution was adopted. The Constitution of Romania, in its initial form, was published in the Official Gazette of Romania, Part I, no.233 on November 21, 1991 and came into force following its approval by the national referendum of 8 December 1991. Thus, the state was now called the Romanian Socialist Republic, and the “brotherly” alliance with the Soviet Union was replaced with the principle of “respect for national sovereignty and independence, equality of rights and reciprocal advantage, non-interference in internal matters”. 75. Constitutia a fost adoptata de Marea Adunare Nationala in sedinta din 21 august 1965, dupa luarea in discutie a proiectului publicat la 29 iunie 1965 de catre Comisia pentru elaborarea proiectului de Constitutie, cu unanimitatea celor 446 de deputati prezenti la sedinta, situatie certificata de Presedintele Marii Adunari Nationale, Stefan Voitec. [9][10] On 18 January 2015, the vice-president of the Parliamentary Commission, Valeria Schelean, requested the immediate convocation of the commission to begin working on amendments.[11]. 1965: Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej dies and Nicolae Ceausescu comes to power. * [http://www.constitutia.ro/const1965.htm Text of the constitution], Constitution of Romania — Created 21 November 1991 Ratified 8 December 1991 Authors Antonie Iorgovan et al …   Wikipedia, 1952 Constitution of Romania — The 1952 Constitution of Romania, also called the constitution of building socialism , expressed the consolidation of Communist power, featuring greater ideological content than its 1948 predecessor. 25. It was then debated at the party’s 9th Congress in July and adopted by the MAN, sitting as a Constituent Assembly, on August 21, being published in "Monitorul Oficial" that day. The current Constitution of Romania is the seventh permanent constitution in modern Romania's history. Regulamentul Organic, voted by the respective Assemblies of Moldavia and Wallachia under Imperial Russian occupation in 1831–1832, was the first organic law resembling a constitution ever awarded to the Danubian Principalities. (1) The Constitution of Southern Rhodesia, 1961, granted to Rhodesia on the 6th December, 1961, under Southern Rho-desia (Constitution) Order in Council, 1961, and the provisions of the said Order (hereinafter referred to as the old Constitution) are (4) The State shall be organized based on the principle of the separation and balance of powers -legislative, executive, and judicial - within the framework of constitutional democracy. After what the national teritory developed in 1918, a new Constitution was approved on 29th of March 1923. The Constitution of Romania of 1991 was amended and completed by the Law No. Replaced the Communist 1965 constitution The Constitution of Romania is the fundamental law that made the structure of the government of Romania . The 1991 Constitution of Romania was adopted on 21 November 1991. Romanian, România /rddaw mu nyah/. respect. (2) No group or person may exercise sovereignty in one’s own name. The seventh permanent constitution in the country's history, it was approved that same year in a national referendum on 8 December and promulgated on the same day. (2) The form of government of the Romanian State is a Republic. Additional Physical Format: Online version: Romania. The 1848 Constitutional Project of Mihail Koğlniceanu].” Studia Politica. Mihaela Cristina Verzea, "Constituția RPR din 27 septembrie 1952" ("1952: The Constitution of People's Republic of Romania"), Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania, Christian Democratic National Peasants' Party, Learn how and when to remove this template message, “Opoziția acuză ca referendumul pentru Constituție a fost fraudat” (“The Opposition Charges that the Constitutional Referendum was Rigged”), “Grave incalcări ale legii și nereguli organizatorice, produse la scară națională, cu ocazia referendumului din 18 - 19 octombrie” (“Serious violations of the law and organisational irregularities, produced on a nationwide scale, on the occasion of the referendum of 18 - 19 October 2003”), "Mai este oportună revizuirea Constituției? 1965 Constitution of Romania Drafted by a committee of the Great National Assembly and approved by a plenary session of the Central Committee of the Romanian Communist Party on June 28, 1965. 1952: The second soviet-type constitution was adopted. The referendum failed as the turnout was only 21.1%, below the required voter turnout threshold of 30%. OK. The third soviet-type constitution was adopted. Citation. (237,500 sq. Download The Constitution of the Socialist Republic of Romania – 1965 (.pdf) (ro.) The 1952 Constitution of Romania, also called the "constitution of building socialism", expressed the consolidation of Communist power, featuring greater ideological content than its 1948 predecessor.A draft was written by a commission elected by the Great National Assembly on March 27, 1952, and published on July 18. Şase constituţii într-un secol. (3) The Constitution shall not be revised during a state of siege or emergency or at wartime Title VII Final and Transitory Provisions Article 149 [Old Constitution] This Constitution shall come into force on the date of adoption by referendum. ARTICLE 2 – Sovereignty. 103. The ruling coalition at the time, the Social Liberal Union, claimed that insufficient constitutional constraints led then-incumbent President Traian Băsescu to abuse his presidential powers, thus justifying new amendments. : Bucharest. Although the newly minted state was nominally still a vassal of the Ottoman Empire, it only acknowledged the suzerainty of the Sublime Porte in a formal way. 13 Constitution of Romania 1938, Art. National sovereignty shall reside within the Romanian people which shall exercise it through its … CONSTITUTION OF ROMANIA TITLE I General principles Article 1 Romanian State (1) Romania is a sovereign, inde-pendent, unitary and indivisible National State. Cap. Bucharest, Meridiane Pub. Constitution, 1965. Languages. Bucharest, Meridiane Pub. The 1965 Constitution of Romania was drafted by a committee of the Great National Assembly (MAN) and approved by a plenary session of the Central Committee of the Romanian Communist Party on June 28, 1965. A draft was written by a commission elected by …   Wikipedia, 1948 Constitution of Romania — Constitution of Romania Postage stamps commemorating the constitution Ratified 13 April 1948 …   Wikipedia, 1866 Constitution of Romania — Constitution of Romania Created 1 June 1866 Ratified 1 June 1866 Signatories Carol I …   Wikipedia, Romania — This article is about the modern country. This period is best characterized by a relative liberalization of Romania. The 1965 Constitution of Romania was drafted by a committee of the Great National Assembly (MAN) and approved by a plenary session of the Central Committee of the Romanian Communist Party on June 28, 1965. The Constitutional Court is composed of 9 justices, appointed for a nine-year term, which cannot be extended or renewed. The state enhanced its involvement in the economy (“it organises, plans and leads the national economy”) and had a monopoly on foreign trade. The 1965 Constitution was modified 10 times between 1968 and 1986, after which it contained 121 articles in 9 titles. Constituția din 1965 a fost una dintre constituțiile României, fiind adoptată la 21 august 1965. Fundamental governing document of Romania, The current version of the Constitution of Romania, as published in the. Proiectul de Constituţie de la 1848 al lui Mihail Koğlniceanu [Constitutionalism and Constitutional Transplant in Modern Romania. He represents the Romanian state in domestic and foreign relations, ensures obedience to the constitution and the proper functioning of state institutions, and is the guarantor of the state's independence, unity and integrity. It remained in place until 1858, when the Crimean War removed the two countries from Russian influence and confirmed the rule by several European powers first established by the Treaty of Paris; the Paris Convention of 1858 remained the governing document following the election of Alexa… Stema Republicii Socialiste România (21 august 1965 – 22 decembrie 1989) foto si articol preluate de pe ro.wikipedia.org . Romanian Political Science Review. In Romania, the supremacy of the Constitution and the observance of the Constitution and the laws shall be mandatory. Title 18 justices, appointed for a nine-year term, which can be. By Ministers and junior Ministers and 1986, after which it contained 121 articles 9. Necesare dezvoltarii aptitudinilor lor fizice si intelectuale referendum failed as the social Liberal Union dissolved in early 2014 and ended! 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